The target of this report, commissioned by Technopolis Group on behalf of Deutsches Elektronen Synchroton (DESY), was to understand how Scientific Service Companies (SSCs) can be created and grow. Research in Commercial Analytical Research Organisations (CAROs), Contract Research Organisations (CROs) and Research and Technology Organisations (RTOs) helped identifying SSCs in the area of New Materials, which were used as a case to understand at least one segment of the market, which may be used as a pilot to expand to other sectors as well.